Suzhou: City of Gardens 苏州园林

            
China"s classical gardens are divided into two systems:the north ant the south.中国古典园林分为南派和北派两大体系.The northern system is represented by the imperial gardens in Beijing while the southern system has three schools:south of the Yangtze River,south of the Five Ridges and  Central Sichuan.北派以北京皇家园林为代表,而南派则分为江南,五岳南和巴蜀三个学派.The most repersentative among the gardens south of the Yangtze River are Suzhou"s private gardens.江南派最具代表性的是苏州私家园林.There are more than one thousand Suzhou gardens recorded in the history books.有历史记载的苏州园林就有一千多处.Pijiang Garden in the Eastern Jin Dynasty is the earliest recorded private garden.东晋时期的PIJIANG 园是最早有记载的私家园林.Nowadays,Suzhou has dozens of well-preserved gardens.如今苏州有许多处保存完好的园林.Its Garden of the Humble Administrator and Linger-Here Garden are among China"s four renowned gardens.其中拙政园和留园名列"中国四大名园"With so many classical gardens,Suzhou is entitled "China"s City of Gardens."由于如此众多的古典园林,苏州被誉为"中国园林城市".
Suzhou has some exceptional advantages to be a city of gardens.苏州之所以能成为园林城市,有其得天独厚的优势.
The first advantage is related to geography.Lakes,rivers and canals are scattered everywhere.The climate is mild and the soil fertile which is good for the growth of flowers and trees.Furthermore,the place abounds with lake stones,a necessary material for decoration of gardens.
首先是它的地理优势.江河湖泊星罗棋布.气候温和,土壤肥沃,适宜花草树木生长.此外,丰富的湖生鹅卵石,是园林装饰的必备材料.
The second factor is its developed economy.As early as 2,000 years ago,Suzhou became the capital of Wu,a state of the Zhou Dynasty,and remained the agricultural,industrial and commerical center.It played a key role in the national economy especially in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
其次是它发达的经济.早在两千年前,苏州是吴国,周朝的一个诸侯国的国都,是吴国的农业,工业和商业中心,尤其是在明清朝代,在国民经济的中起了关键作用.
According to historical records its feudal land tax accounted for one tenth in the Ming Dydasty.The beautiful scenery and rich material life made Suzhou"a paradise on earth."
据史料记载,在明代封建土地税收的1/10来自苏州.美丽的自然风景和富庶的物质生活,将苏州造就成了"人间天堂".
High officials,noble lords,rich merchants,gentlemen and people of literature and writing all gathered here.Most of them were wealthy ans spent a lot of money building mansions and gardens.
达官贵人,商贾豪绅,文人墨客云集于此.他们当中大都非常富有,斥巨资营造私家官邸和园林.
The third advantage is developed culture,a strong academic atmosphere and numerous people of talent.They had profound learning,mastered landscape architecture,created quite a few models of classical gardens and bequeathed a valuable legacy to Suzhou and mankind.
其三是发达的文化,浓厚的学术氛围,和众多的人才.他们拥有渊博的学识,精湛的风景建筑技艺,创建了许多经典园林造型,为苏州和人类留下了宝贵的遗产.

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